Future stem (Futuro / Condicional)
A flashcard deck for the one stem the futuro and the condicional are both built on.
The endings of these two tenses are the same for every verb in the language, without a single exception: -é -ás -á -emos -éis -án for the futuro, -Ãa -Ãas -Ãa -Ãamos -Ãais -Ãan for the condicional. For most verbs the stem is the infinitive itself (hablar → hablaré, hablarÃa). Fifty-one verbs use a stem of their own, and that stem is the whole of what there is to learn — which is why one drill covers both tenses.
They fall into three families:
- A d takes the place of the vowel — tener → tendré, poner → pondré, venir → vendré, salir → saldré, valer → valdré. With their compounds (mantener, suponer, convenir, …) these five roots account for thirty-eight of the fifty-one.
- The vowel drops — haber → habré, poder → podré, saber → sabré, caber → cabré, querer → querré, and hay → habrá.
- A stem of its own — decir → diré and hacer → haré, with contradecir, desdecir, deshacer, rehacer and satisfacer.
Two forms per card. The front shows the infinitive under the instruction "Give the yo forms of the futuro and the condicional". Tap the card to turn it: the back shows the Futuro and the Condicional yo form, one under the other, with the verb's translation. The irregular stem is coloured as in the conjugation tables (see The conjugation colour code).
The book opens the verb's conjugation, showing the futuro and the condicional. The speaker reads the infinitive on the front and both forms on the back.
Grading. On iPhone and iPad, swipe right if you knew both forms and left if you didn't. On the Mac, and with VoiceOver, use the Wrong and Correct buttons. The card then moves on by itself.
How the deck is built. Every verb in your selection that carries its own future stem. About one card in five is a regular verb — twenty irregulars bring five — drawn afresh each time you open the drill, so you have to decide whether the verb departs at all. For a regular verb the back is the infinitive with the endings. The line under the progress bar shows how many of the deck this round holds. If your selection has none, the screen offers Edit your verb selection or Use every verb (just for this drill).
The session. The Incorrect answers switch, session length, answer count and end of the session work as in Verb meaning. Each graded card is recorded twice on your device: once for the futuro and once for the condicional.